Reading ComprehensionDifficulty: Hard

PT117 S1 P2 Q14 Explanation

Historiography

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Passage

In the field of historiography—the writing of history based on a critical examination of authentic primary information sources—one area that has recently attracted attention focuses on the responses of explorers and settlers to new landscapes in order to provide insights into the transformations the landscape itself has undergone as a result of as commissioned agents of the U.S. government, were instructed to report thoroughly their findings in writing.

But in furthering this investigation some historiographers have recently recognized the need to expand their definition of what a source is. They maintain that the sources traditionally accepted as documenting the history of the Pacific Coast have too often omitted the response of Asian settlers to this territory. In part this is to recognize the value of other kinds of evidence, such as the actions of Asian settlers.

As a case in point, the role of Chinese settlers in expanding agriculture throughout the Pacific Coast territory is integral to the history of the region. Without access to the better land, Chinese settlers looked for agricultural potential in this generally arid region where other settlers did not. For example, where settlers raw material for valuable spices from a plant naturally suited to the local soil and climate.

Given their role in the labor force shaping this territory in the nineteenth century, the Chinese settlers offered more than just a new view of the land. Their vision was reinforced by specialized skills involving swamp reclamation and irrigation systems, which helped lay the foundation for the now well-known and prosperous agribusiness without attention to the input of Chinese settlers as reconstructed from their interactions with that landscape.

What this question is testing

Strengthen

Your task

Find the choice that makes the argument's conclusion more likely to be true.

Common trap

Answers that are consistent with the argument but add no real support, or that strengthen a claim the argument doesn't make.

Winning move

Locate the gap between evidence and conclusion, then pick the choice that closes it.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
14.

Which one of the following, if true, would most help to strengthen the author’s main claim in the last

Answer choices

  1. No Impact9% picked this

    Market research of agribusinesses owned by descendants of Chinese settlers shows that the market for the region’s specialty crops has grown substantially faster than

    This seems to be a fact more about the present than about connecting the past to the present. We need to hear that the Chinese settlers did stuff that set this region up for irrigation / specialty crop success. This answer is just saying that presently the specialty crop market is having success, for descendants of these Chinese settlers. But the answer isn't telling us anything that makes the Chinese settlers sound like they did anything crucial.

  2. Correct70% picked this

    Nineteenth-century surveying records indicate that the lands now cultivated by specialty crop businesses owned by descendants of Chinese

    Why this is right

    The fact that the current specialty crop businesses (that connect back to the Chinese settlers) are on land that started out as swamp lands suggests that when Chinese settlers arrived, they turned that land from swamp land into specialty crop territory. We were told at the end of the 3rd paragraph that, where Europeans saw useless, untillable swamp, Chinese settlers saw fresh water, fertile soil, and the potential for bringing water via irrigation. So if we connect the dots, the Chinese settlers "interacted with that landscape" by bringing water in via irrigation and turning that land into useful, tillable soil for growing specialty crops. Hence, they did something crucial to turn this area into the top producer of many specialty crops, and so you can't fully understand why this area is now the top producer of many specialty crop without appreciating how these Chinese settlers interacted with that landscape.

    Skill tested: Strengthen · how this choice captures the passage's function is the move to repeat next time.

  3. No Impact9% picked this

    Research by university agricultural science departments proves that the formerly arid lands now cultivated by large agribusinesses contain extremely fertile soil

    Nothing in this answer tells us anything that connects to the Chinese settlers, so it's not helping us to argue that they interacted with the landscape in some crucial manner that paved the way for irrigation / specialty crops.

  4. Weak Impact10% picked this

    A technological history tracing the development of irrigation systems in the region reveals that their efficiency has increased

    Nothing in this answer tells us anything that connects to the Chinese settlers. The Chinese settlers did come to the Pacific Coast area in the 19th century, but we'd be adding a big speculative leap to attribute this answer to them simply because of that. European explorers also arrived in the 19th century.

  5. No Impact2% picked this

    Weather records compiled over the previous century demonstrate that the weather patterns in the region are well-suited to growing certain specialty crops

    Nothing in this answer tells us anything that connects to the Chinese settlers, so it's not helping us to argue that they interacted with the landscape in some crucial manner that paved the way for irrigation / specialty crops.

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