Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Medium

PT111 S1 Q6 Explanation

Proponent: Irradiation of food by gamma

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsFlaw

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Stimulus

Proponent: Irradiation of food by gamma rays would keep it from spoiling before it reaches the consumer in food stores. The process leaves no radiation behind, and vitamin losses are comparable to those that occur in cooking, so there is no reason to reject irradiation on the grounds of which in contaminated poultry have caused serious illness to consumers.

Opponent: The irradiation process has no effect on the bacteria that cause botulism, a very serious form of food poisoning, while those that cause bad odors that would warn consumers of botulism are killed. Moreover, Salmonella and the bacteria in poultry by using a safe chemical dip.

What this question is testing

Flaw

Your task

Describe the reasoning error the argument actually commits.

Common trap

Answers that name a real logical flaw the argument doesn't actually make.

Winning move

Articulate the gap in the reasoning yourself, then match it to the choice that describes that gap.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
6.

Which one of the following could the opponent properly cite as indicating a flaw in the proponent’s reasoning

Answer choices

  1. No Impact: might spoil7% picked this

    After irradiation, food might still spoil if kept in storage for a long time after being

    This is very weakly worded ('might'), so it's unlikely to have much impact as an objection. When food spoils, we don't eat it, and all food (whether irradiated or not) is going to eventually spoil. So it's not clear how we'd use this to say that irradiating food could be a bad idea for nutrition's sake.

  2. Correct73% picked this

    Irradiated food would still need cooking, or, if eaten raw, it would not have the vitamin

    Why this is right

    This is allowing us to make an objection about the nutritional impact of irradiating food. Let's say that a piece of broccoli has 100 points of vitamin content in it, but when you cook the broccoli, you usually remove 30 points of that. The author is saying that irradiating food also removes 30 points of vitamin content, so what's the big deal? We can object that some people eat raw broccoli and get all 100 vitamin points. So if we go irradiating all the broccoli, then raw broccoli will only have 70 points. And, we can object that cooking irradiated food might further deplete an item of vitamin concent. Irradiating it brought it from 100 to 70. Then cooking that irradiated food brings it from 70 to 40. So since irradiated raw food would be worse nutritionally than raw food that isn't irradiated, and irradiated cooked food would be worse than cooked food that isn't irradiated, then we do have reason to reject irradiation on the grounds of nutrition.

    Skill tested: Flaw · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

  3. No Impact14% picked this

    Vitamin loss is a separate issue

    The author clearly knows that vitamin loss is a separate issue. She talks about both of them, but never blurs the line between them. Also, this answer doesn't give us any way to say that there IS a nutritional reason why we shouldn't irradiate food.

  4. No Impact: pills1% picked this

    Vitamins can be ingested in pill form as well as

    This has nothing to do with whether irradiating food would make it less nutritional than if we hadn't irradiated that food. This is talking about something else altogether, which is taking vitamin pills.

  5. No Impact5% picked this

    That food does not spoil before it can be offered to the consumer is primarily a benefit to the

    The part of irradiating food that relates to spoilage doesn't have anything to do with nutrition. Spoilage is just talking about how long a food is available to eat, not how much nutritional value is in the food should you choose to eat it (in its pre-spoiled state).

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