Advertisement for a lactase supplement:

Answer choices

1. A

   Opposite8% picked this

   Eating solid food when drinking milk can decrease the amount of lactase produced

   If eating solid food while drinking milk decreases lactase production, that suggests lactose intolerance might be even more of a problem in normal mealtime conditions than in the empty-stomach study — strengthening, not weakening, the case for supplements. Wrong direction.

   8%
2. B

   Correct82% picked this

   Most people who consume dairy products consume less lactose at each meal than the amount found in

   Why this is right

   This is the weakener. The argument extrapolates from a test where subjects consumed a full liter of milk to a recommendation for everyday life. (B) tells us that most people consume less lactose at each meal than the amount in a liter of milk. So the test condition is not representative of normal consumption — under typical dietary conditions, most people might not have lactose intolerance problems at all. The 50-million extrapolation is based on extreme intake, not ordinary intake.

   Skill tested: Weaken · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

   82%
3. C

   No Impact7% picked this

   The production of lactase by the human body increases

   If lactase production increases with age, that's mildly relevant to who needs supplements but doesn't address the core issue: whether the test conditions represent how people normally consume dairy. The extrapolation from "showed intolerance after a liter of milk" to "needs supplements daily" remains questionable regardless of age trends.

   7%
4. D

   Opposite1% picked this

   Lactose intolerance can interfere with proper

   If lactose intolerance interferes with proper nutrition, that gives an additional reason why the supplements are valuable. That's support for the recommendation, not a weakener.

   1%
5. E

   Opposite2% picked this

   Some dairy foods, such as cheese, contain a form of lactose more difficult to digest than

   If some dairy foods (like cheese) contain a more difficult-to-digest form of lactose, that suggests intolerance problems might be widespread even outside the milk-drinking context. That's support for the broader supplement recommendation, not a weakener.

   2%