Logical ReasoningDifficulty: Medium

PT10 S4 Q18 Explanation

Advertisement: Attention pond owners!

A free, expert breakdown of this official LSAT Logical Reasoning question.

TopicsNecessary Assumption

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Stimulus

Advertisement: Attention pond owners! Ninety-eight percent of mosquito larvae in a pond die within minutes after the pond has been treated with BTI. Yet BTI is not toxic to fish, birds, animals, plants, or beneficial insects. So by using BTI regularly to destroy their larvae, you can greatly reduce populations of pesky populations of fish, frogs, or beneficial insects in and around the pond.

What this question is testing

Necessary Assumption

Your task

Find the assumption the argument requires in order for its conclusion to hold.

Common trap

Answers that would help the argument but aren't strictly required (sufficient, not necessary).

Winning move

Negate each choice — the right one breaks the argument when negated.

Reading along? Open the full official question in LawHub — we show a fragment here and keep the reasoning in our own words.

The question
18.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the

Answer choices

  1. Too Strong: most effective19% picked this

    The most effective way to control the numbers of mosquitoes in a given area is to destroy the

    The ad doesn't need to assume that BTI is the best way to control mosquitos. It doesn't promise that it's the best, only that it will greatly reduce mosquito populations.

  2. Irrelevant Quality: dependent on single body2% picked this

    Populations of mosquitoes are not dependent on a single body of water within an area as a place for their

    This answer has a very appealing ruling-out "not", so we would negate it and see if it weakens. Would it hurt the argument if we say that populations of mosquitoes ARE dependent on a single body of water? No that doesn't seem to hurt in any way. This ad envisions that we will treat our one body of water (our pond) with BTI, so it seems like if anything the negation is very compatible with the argument.

  3. Out of Scope: other pests5% picked this

    There are no insect pests besides mosquitoes that pond owners might want to eliminate from in

    This ad just promises that BTI would reduce mosquitoes. The fact that mosquitoes are the only pest mentioned doesn't mean that the argument is assuming that mosquitoes are the only pest that pond owners might want to eliminate. A tutor who only offers services to tutor people in LSAT games isn't assuming that there are no other sections of the test that people might want help with. They're just only offering help with one section.

  4. Irrelevant Quality2% picked this

    The effectiveness of BTI in destroying mosquito larvae in a pond does not require the pond owner’s strict

    This also has the lovable ruling-out "not", so we'll see if the negation would weaken. Does it hurt the ad to say, "the effectiveness of BTI does require strict adherence to specific application procedures"? No, as long as people adhere to the procedure, the conclusion would still be correct to say that by using BTI regularly, you can greatly reduce mosquito populations.

  5. Correct72% picked this

    The fish, frogs, and beneficial insects in and around a pond-owner’s pond do not depend on mosquito larvae as

    Why this is right

    Since this has the Defender style "not", we'll negate it and see if it weakens. Does it hurt the argument to say that fish, frogs and beneficial insects DO depend on mosquito larvae for food? Yes! This would attack the truth of the conclusion. If fish, frogs, and insects depend on larvae for food, then greatly reducing larvae for greatly reduce the food supply they depend on, so it very possibly could diminish the populations of fish / frogs / insects.

    Skill tested: Necessary Assumption · how this choice captures the argument's function is the move to repeat next time.

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